Firstly, a design is drawn with charcoal onto a canvas.
Then, the canvas is primed with gesso.
Thirdly, a special adhesive is applied where te gold leaf is going to be.
The gold leaf is then placed onto the glued areas and the excess is removed.
After that, the darkest colours are applied with "egg tempera" paint. This is a special type of paint meant for preserving the icon. The base is egg yolk. 
Consecutive layers of lighter couloirs are applied to the face and skin areas.
After the skin is completed, the clothes and other items are done in the same way. Finally, you have an icon! 
This pictures for this tutorial were taken from www.ukcopticicons.com. The artist is Fadi Mikhail.
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